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Peat sales to be banned by 2024

40 years of campaigning sees end to the destructive use of precious peat in gardens
  • Ban will apply to peat sold in retail outlets in England
  • Defra reveals that 95% of those who responded to its consultation were in favour of a complete retail sales ban
  • Following campaigns run by The Wildlife Trusts and others, Defra received 5,000 consultation responses – from members of the public, NGOs, retailers, growers, extractors and manufacturers

Today, the UK Government announced its intention to ban the sale of peat to amateur gardeners by 2024. It is understood that this ban will apply to bagged peat compost, but it not yet clear whether peat-containing products, such as plants, will also be subject to a 2024 ban. The ban follows a public consultation, which ran from December 2021 to March 2022, and marks the first occasion that any UK government has considered legislative action to tackle the use of peat in horticulture.

The Wildlife Trusts, alongside key nature charities, have campaigned for an end to the needless destruction of one of the UK’s most precious wildlife habitats since the 1990s. Peatlands have a global cooling effect when they are in their naturally wet state, and lock away carbon from dead plants for hundreds or even thousands of years. However, when peatlands are drained and dug up for use in gardens and greenhouses, stored carbon is released in the form of CO2 (carbon dioxide).

Peat © Mark Hamblin 2020VISION

Mark Hamblin/2020VISION

The Wildlife Trusts estimate that peat extraction for horticulture has caused up to 31 million tonnes of CO2 to be released since 1990

In the run up to COP15, the UN Biodiversity Conference due to take place later this year, the UK Government led with ambitious calls to protect nature, including putting an end to biodiversity loss globally, and protecting at least 30% of land and seas, by 2030.

Following today’s announcement, the UK Government is in a stronger position to push for ambitious negotiations at COP15.

Ailis Watt, peat policy officer at The Wildlife Trusts, says:

“It is fantastic to see tangible progress on this critical issue after decades of campaigning. Using peat in gardens is bad news for our climate and leads to the destruction of beautiful wild places on which many of the UK’s rarest and most threatened species depend.

“The ban is expected to apply to around two-thirds of peat currently sold in England. What we need to see now is the Government taking action towards a total ban on peat extraction and its use in horticulture – only then can we put an end to the decline of peatlands both in the UK and further afield.”

Some uses of peat will remain legal beyond 2024, and so it is important to recognise that while Defra’s proposed ban targets a chunk of the UK peat market, it does not eliminate peat use entirely, nor does it directly address the issue of peat extraction.

peat

Pool system on peat bog by Mark Hamblin/2020VISION

 The Wildlife Trusts are calling upon the UK Government to:

  • Ban the extraction and commercial trade of peat immediately
  • Ban all horticultural uses of peat as soon as parliamentary timeframes allow, or by 2024 at the latest
  • Restore all bogs damaged by the removal of peat by 2035

The importance of peatlands to our natural world has been understood for decades, and awareness of the issues this special habitat faces has only increased. Today’s announcement from Defra symbolises long-awaited, decisive action which will help to reverse species decline and to address the fact that a huge 4% of the UK’s total annual greenhouse gas emissions now come from degraded peatlands.

Today’s announcement also sends a clear signal to growers and retailers that it is time to change. After target dates for the voluntary phase-out of peat were repeatedly missed, plans for a ban were first outlined by the UK Government in 2021. Retailers now have until 2024 to phase out the sale of peat ahead of the Government mandate.

The Wildlife Trusts have campaigned on this issue for years – and welcome today’s news. However, ambition must be increased in order to bring about an end to all uses of peat – with no exemptions. In doing so, the UK Government has the opportunity to embolden other nations to do the same and to demonstrate global leadership on nature and climate.

Editor's Notes

  • Up to 31 million tonnes of CO2 released by peat extraction since 1990 – see here.
  • Peatlands are responsible for 4% of UK GHG emissions – see here.
  • Restore all bogs damaged by the removal of peat by 2035, in line with recommendations from Government’s climate advisors – see here.
  • Analysis of the failure of voluntary measures to halt peat use in UK horticulture between 1990 and 2020. Nigel Doar, Head of Science & Research, The Wildlife Trusts. February 2022. Available here.
  • The Wildlife Trusts enabled people to respond to the Defra consultation in March 2022. Over 13,400 people responded in support of calls on the UK Government to implement a sales ban on peat and peat containing products in both the retail and professional markets; to bring about an end to the extraction of peat from peatlands (this has already taken place in Wales); to bring about an end to the importation of peat, which transfers emissions and damage to nature to other countries. This added further weight to a petition The Wildlife Trusts set up in response to the failure of a voluntary ban, which gathered over 50,000 signatures. More details are here: https://www.wildlifetrusts.org/ban-sale-peat

See recent related press releases from The Wildlife Trusts:

  • Devastating climate impact of using peat in UK horticulture revealed, 18.2.22, here.
  • Government sets low bar on phase out of gardeners’ use of peat, 18.12.21, here.
  • Survey of top retailers: only one of 20 says they will eliminate peat this year, 2.4.21, here.

The Wildlife Trusts are leading peatland restoration projects across the UK. The Wildlife Trusts have collectively restored 48,000 hectares of peatland in England alone, working with partners and landowners, and already have short term plans to repair a further 20,000 hectares.

The Wildlife Trusts

The Wildlife Trusts are making the world wilder and helping to ensure that nature is part of everyone’s lives. We are a grassroots movement of 46 charities with more than 870,000 members and 38,000 volunteers. No matter where you are in Britain, there is a Wildlife Trust inspiring people and saving, protecting and standing up for the natural world. With the support of our members, we care for and restore special places for nature on land and run marine conservation projects and collect vital data on the state of our seas. Every Wildlife Trust works within its local community to inspire people to create a wilder future – from advising thousands of landowners on how to manage their land to benefit wildlife.

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