Common Medium Stonefly ©northeastwildlife.co.uk

Common medium stonefly

As the name suggests, the Common medium stonefly is found in gravelly upland rivers and streams, often on bankside stones and plants. There are 34 species of Stonefly in the UK, which are hard to tell apart.

Scientific name

Diura bicaudata

When to see

January to December

Species information

Statistics

Length: up to 3cm

Conservation status

Common.

Habitats

About

The Common medium, or 'Predatory', stonefly is one of 34 species of stonefly in the UK, and is on the wing from April until June (nymphs are present all year-round). Stoneflies are common around fast-flowing, upland streams and rivers, but can be found in some still waters. The larvae spend their lives hiding among the gravels and feeding on algae, plants and invertebrates. The adults hatch out, usually in the summer, and do not travel very far from the stream; they are often found on riverside rocks and trees. Mating usually occurs on the ground, the female heading to the water to lay her eggs by dipping the tip of her abdomen in.

How to identify

Stoneflies are fairly robust invertebrates with narrow, dark wings, long antennae and two stout tail bristles. They fold their wings flat over their bodies when at rest. The Common medium stonefly is dark brown with orange patches at the back of its head and in front of its wings. Stonefly larvae also have two 'tails' and have a habit of clinging to the undersides of rocks in fast-flowing water.

Distribution

Widespread in upland areas in the west and north of the UK.

Did you know?

The Northern February Red (Brachyptera putata) stonefly is only found in the UK.

How people can help

The Wildlife Trusts manage many wetland nature reserves for the benefit of the wildlife they support. You can help by supporting your local Trust and becoming a member; you'll find out about exciting wildlife news, events on your doorstep and volunteering opportunities, and will be helping local wildlife along the way.